§3841. Commodity Credit Corporation
(a) Annual funding
For each of fiscal years 2014 through 2031, the Secretary shall use the funds, facilities, and authorities of the Commodity Credit Corporation to carry out the following programs under this chapter (including the provision of technical assistance):
(1) The conservation reserve program under subpart B of part I of subchapter IV, including, to the maximum extent practicable-
(A) $12,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to provide payments under section 3834(c) of this title; and
(B) $50,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, including not more than $5,000,000 to provide outreach and technical assistance, to carry out section 3835(f) of this title to facilitate the transfer of land subject to contracts from contract holders to covered farmers or ranchers, as defined in section 3835(f)(1) of this title.
(2) The agricultural conservation easement program under subchapter VII using to the maximum extent practicable-
(A) $625,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
(B) $650,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(C) $675,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(D) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(E) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(F) $700,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(3) The programs under part IV of subchapter IV, using, to the maximum extent practicable-
(A) for the environmental quality incentives program under subpart A of part IV of subchapter IV-
(i) $2,655,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
(ii) $2,855,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(iii) $3,255,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iv) $3,255,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(v) $3,255,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(vi) $3,255,000,000 for fiscal year 2031; and
(B) for the conservation stewardship program under subpart B of part IV of subchapter IV-
(i) $1,300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
(ii) $1,325,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(iii) $1,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(iv) $1,375,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(v) $1,375,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(vi) $1,375,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(4) The conservation stewardship program under subpart B of part II of subchapter IV (as in effect on the day before December 20, 2018), using such sums as are necessary to administer contracts entered into before December 20, 2018.
(b) Availability of funds
Amounts made available by subsection (a) for fiscal years 2014 through 2031 shall be used by the Secretary to carry out the programs specified in such subsection and shall remain available until expended.
(c) Technical assistance
(1) Availability
Commodity Credit Corporation funds made available for a fiscal year for each of the programs specified in subsection (a)-
(A) shall be available for the provision of technical assistance for the programs for which funds are made available as necessary to implement the programs effectively;
(B) except for technical assistance for the conservation reserve program under subpart B of part I of subchapter IV, shall be apportioned for the provision of technical assistance in the amount determined by the Secretary, at the sole discretion of the Secretary; and
(C) shall not be available for the provision of technical assistance for conservation programs specified in subsection (a) other than the program for which the funds were made available.
(2) Priority
(A) In general
In the delivery of technical assistance under the Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (16 U.S.C. 590a et seq.), the Secretary shall give priority to producers who request technical assistance from the Secretary in order to comply for the first time with the requirements of subchapter II and subchapter III of this chapter as a result of the amendments made by section 2611 of the Agricultural Act of 2014.
(B) Report
Not later than 270 days after February 7, 2014, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report regarding the extent to which the conservation compliance requirements contained in the amendments made by section 2611 of the Agricultural Act of 2014 apply to and impact specialty crop growers, including national analysis and surveys to determine the extent of specialty crop acreage that includes highly erodible land and wetlands.
(3) Report
Not later than December 31, 2014, the Secretary shall submit (and update as necessary in subsequent years) to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report-
(A) detailing the amount of technical assistance funds requested and apportioned in each program specified in subsection (a) during the preceding fiscal year; and
(B) any other data relating to this provision that would be helpful to such Committees.
(4) Compliance report
Not later than November 1 of each year, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that includes-
(A) a description of the extent to which the requests for highly erodible land conservation and wetland compliance determinations are being addressed in a timely manner;
(B) the total number of requests completed in the previous fiscal year;
(C) the incomplete determinations on record; and
(D) the number of requests that are still outstanding more than 1 year since the date on which the requests were received from the producer.
(d) Relationship to other law
The use of Commodity Credit Corporation funds under subsection (c) to provide technical assistance shall not be considered an allotment or fund transfer from the Commodity Credit Corporation for purposes of the limit on expenditures for technical assistance imposed by section 714i of title 15.
(e) Regional equity
(1) Equitable distribution
When determining funding allocations each fiscal year, the Secretary shall, after considering available funding and program demand in each State, provide a distribution of funds for conservation programs under subchapter IV (excluding the conservation reserve program under subpart B of part I), subchapter VII, and subchapter VIII to ensure equitable program participation proportional to historical funding allocations and usage by all States.
(2) Minimum percentage
In determining the specific funding allocations under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall-
(A) ensure that during the first quarter of each fiscal year each State has the opportunity to establish that the State can use an aggregate allocation amount of at least 0.6 percent of the funds made available for those conservation programs; and
(B) for each State that can so establish, provide an aggregate amount of at least 0.6 percent of the funds made available for those conservation programs.
(f) Acceptance and use of contributions for public-private partnerships
(1) Establishment of public-private partnership contributions accounts
The Secretary shall establish the necessary accounts and process to accept contributions of private funds for the purposes of addressing the changing climate, sequestering carbon, improving wildlife habitat, protecting sources of drinking water, and addressing other natural resource priorities identified by the Secretary.
(2) Deposit and use of contributions
Contributions of non-Federal funds received for a covered program shall be deposited into the account established under this subsection for the program and shall be available to the Secretary, without further appropriation and until expended, to carry out the program.
(3) Secretarial authority
(A) In general
The Secretary may accept under this subsection contributions of such funds as the Secretary determines appropriate, taking into consideration-
(i) the source of the funds to be contributed;
(ii) the natural resource concerns to be addressed through the use of the funds;
(iii) the amount of funds to be contributed;
(iv) whether the activities proposed to be carried out using the funds are consistent with the priorities of the Secretary; and
(v) any other factors the Secretary determines to be relevant.
(B) Determination
A determination of whether to accept private funds under this subsection shall be at the sole discretion of the Secretary.
(4) Match of contributed funds
(A) In general
Subject to subparagraph (B), the Secretary may provide matching Federal funds, and determine the level of such match, which shall not exceed 75 percent, for the private funds contributed under this subsection, subject to the availability of funding for the applicable covered program.
(B) Distribution of Federal funding for States
The Secretary may not provide any matching Federal funds pursuant to subparagraph (A) in a manner that would result in a substantial reduction in the historical distribution of Federal funding to any State for any covered program.
(C) Limitation
No funds made available pursuant to Public Law 117–169 may be used to provide matching Federal funds pursuant to subparagraph (A).
(5) Role of contributing entity
An entity contributing funds under this subsection may-
(A) designate the covered program for which the contributed funds are intended to be used;
(B) specify the geographic area in which the contributed funds are intended to be used;
(C) identify a natural resource concern the contributed funds are intended to be used to address;
(D) with respect to an activity funded pursuant to this subsection that may result in environmental services benefits to be sold through an environmental services market, subject to the approval of the Secretary, prescribe the terms for ownership of the entity’s share of such environmental services benefits resulting from such activity; and
(E) work with the Secretary to promote the activities funded pursuant to this subsection.
(6) Producer participation
(A) Notification
The Secretary shall establish a process to provide notice to producers-
(i) of activities that may be carried out, through a covered program, pursuant to this section; and
(ii) any 1 terms prescribed by the contributing entity under paragraph (5)(D) with respect to such activities.
(B) Retention of environmental services benefits
The Secretary shall not claim or impede any action of a producer with respect to the environmental services benefits they accrue through activities funded pursuant to this subsection.
(7) Consistency with program requirements
(A) In general
Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall ensure that the terms and conditions of activities carried out using funds contributed under this subsection are consistent with the requirements of the applicable covered program.
(B) Adjustments
(i) In general
The Secretary may, if the Secretary determines necessary, adjust a regulatory requirement of a covered program, or related guidance, as it applies to an activity carried out using funds contributed under this subsection-
(I) to provide a simplified process; or
(II) to better reflect unique local circumstances and to address a specific priority of the contributing entity.
(ii) Limitation
The Secretary shall not adjust the application of statutory requirements for a covered program, including requirements governing appeals, payment limits, and conservation compliance.
(8) Report
Not later than December 31, 2024, and each year thereafter through December 31, 2031, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that contains-
(A) the name and a description of each entity contributing private funds under this subsection that took an action under paragraph (5), and a description of each such action;
(B) the name and a description of each entity contributing private funds under this subsection for which the Secretary has provided matching Federal funds, and the level of that match, including the amount of such matching Federal funds; and
(C) the total amounts of-
(i) private funds contributed under this subsection; and
(ii) matching Federal funds provided by the Secretary under paragraph (4).
(9) Covered program defined
In this subsection, the term “covered program” means a program carried out by the Secretary under-
(A) subchapter IV (except for subpart B of such subchapter),2 subchapter VII, or subchapter VIII;
(B) section 2203 of this title;
(C) title V of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 (16 U.S.C. 6571 et seq.); or
(D) the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act (16 U.S.C. 1001 et seq.), except for any program established by the Secretary to carry out section 14 of such Act (16 U.S.C. 1012).
(10) Duration of authority
The authority of the Secretary under this subsection shall expire, with respect to each covered program, on the date on which the authority of the covered program expires.
(g) Allocations review and update
(1) Review
Not later than 1 year after December 20, 2018, the Secretary, acting through the Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Administrator of the Farm Service Agency, shall conduct a review of conservation programs and authorities under this chapter that utilize annual allocation formulas to determine the sufficiency of the formulas in accounting for relevant data on local natural resource concerns, resource inventories, evaluations and reports, recommendations from State technical committees established under section 3861(a) of this title, State-level economic factors, level of agricultural infrastructure, or related factors that affect conservation program costs.
(2) Update
The Secretary shall improve conservation program allocation formulas as necessary to ensure that-
(A) the formulas adequately reflect the costs of carrying out the conservation programs;
(B) to the maximum extent practicable, local natural resource concerns are considered a leading factor in determining annual funding allocation to States;
(C) the process used at the national level to evaluate State budget proposals and to allocate funds is reviewed annually to assess the effect of allocations in addressing identified natural resource priorities and objectives; and
(D) the allocation of funds to States addresses priority natural resource concerns and objectives.
(h) Assistance to certain farmers or ranchers for conservation access
(1) Assistance
(A) Fiscal years 2009 through 2018
Of the funds made available for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2018 to carry out the environmental quality incentives program and the acres made available for each of such fiscal years to carry out the conservation stewardship program, the Secretary shall use, to the maximum extent practicable-
(i) 5 percent to assist beginning farmers or ranchers; and
(ii) 5 percent to assist socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers.
(B) Fiscal years 2019 through 2031
Of the funds made available for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2031 to carry out the environmental quality incentives program under subpart A of part IV of subchapter IV and the conservation stewardship program under subpart B of part IV of subchapter IV, the Secretary shall use, to the maximum extent practicable-
(i) 5 percent to assist beginning farmers or ranchers; and
(ii) 5 percent to assist socially disadvantaged farmers or ranchers.
(2) Repooling of funds
In any fiscal year, amounts not obligated under paragraph (1) by a date determined by the Secretary shall be available for payments and technical assistance to all persons eligible for payments or technical assistance in that fiscal year under the environmental quality incentives program and, in the case of fiscal years 2019 through 2031, under the conservation stewardship program under subpart B of part IV of subchapter IV.
(3) Repooling of acres
In any fiscal year through fiscal year 2018, acres not obligated under paragraph (1)(A) by a date determined by the Secretary shall be available for use in that fiscal year under the conservation stewardship program.
(4) Preference
In providing assistance under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give preference to a veteran farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2279(e) 2 of title 7) that qualifies under, as applicable, clause (i) or (ii) of paragraph (1)(A) or clause (i) or (ii) of paragraph (1)(B).
(i) Report on program enrollments and assistance
Not later than December 15 of each of calendar years 2019 through 2023, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate an annual report containing statistics by State related to enrollments in conservation programs under this chapter, as follows:
(1) The annual and current cumulative activity reflecting active agreement and contract enrollment statistics.
(2) Secretarial exceptions, waivers, and significant payments, including-
(A) payments made under the agricultural conservation easement program for easements valued at $250,000 or greater;
(B) payments made under the regional conservation partnership program subject to the waiver of adjusted gross income limitations pursuant to section 3871c(c)(3) of this title;
(C) waivers granted by the Secretary under section 1308–3a(b)(3) of title 7;
(D) exceptions and activity associated with section 3839aa–2(h)(2) of this title; and
(E) exceptions provided by the Secretary under section 3865b(b)(2)(B)(ii) of this title.
(j) Conservation standards and requirements
(1) In general
Subject to the requirements of this chapter, the Natural Resources Conservation Service shall serve as the lead agency in developing and establishing technical standards and requirements for conservation programs carried out under this chapter, including-
(A) standards for conservation practices under this chapter;
(B) technical guidelines for implementing conservation practices under this chapter, including the location of the conservation practices; and
(C) standards for conservation plans.
(2) Consistency of farm service agency technical standards and payment rates
The Administrator of the Farm Service Agency shall ensure that-
(A) technical standards of programs administered by the Farm Service Agency are consistent with the technical standards established by the Natural Resources Conservation Service under paragraph (1); and
(B) payment rates, to the extent practicable, are consistent between the Farm Service Agency and the Natural Resources Conservation Service.
§3871d. Funding
(a) Availability of funding
Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out the program, to the maximum extent practicable-
(1) $425,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
(2) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2027;
(3) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2028;
(4) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2029;
(5) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2030; and
(6) $450,000,000 for fiscal year 2031.
(b) Duration of availability
Funds made available under subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.
(c) Allocation of funding
Of the funds made available for the program under subsection (a), the Secretary shall allocate-
(1) 50 percent of the funds to projects based on a State or multistate competitive process administered by the Secretary at the local level with the advice of the applicable State technical committees established under subchapter VI; and
(2) 50 percent of the funds to projects for critical conservation areas designated under section 3871f of this title.
(d) Limitation on administrative expenses
(1) In general
Except as provided in paragraph (2), none of the funds made available for the program, including for a partnership agreement funded through an alternative funding arrangement or grant agreement under section 3871c(d) of this title, may be used to pay for the administrative expenses of eligible partners.
(2) Project development and outreach
Under a partnership agreement that is not funded through an alternative funding arrangement or grant agreement under section 3871c(d) of this title, the Secretary may advance reasonable amounts of funding for not longer than 90 days for technical assistance to eligible partners to conduct project development and outreach activities in a project area, including-
(A) providing outreach and education to producers for potential participation in the project;
(B) establishing baseline metrics to support the development of the assessment required under section 3871b(c)(1)(E) of this title; or
(C) providing technical assistance to producers.
(e) Technical assistance
(1) In general
At the time of project selection, the Secretary shall identify and make publicly available the amount that the Secretary shall use to provide technical assistance under the terms of the partnership agreement.
(2) Limitation
The Secretary shall limit costs of the Secretary for technical assistance to costs specific and necessary to carry out the objectives of the program.
(3) Third-party providers
The Secretary shall develop and implement strategies to encourage third-party technical service providers to provide technical assistance to eligible partners pursuant to a partnership agreement.
§3839bb–2. Grassroots source water protection program
(a) In general
The Secretary shall establish a national grassroots water protection program to more effectively use onsite technical assistance capabilities of each State rural water association that, as of May 13, 2002, operates a wellhead or groundwater protection program in the State.
(b) Funding
(1) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through 2031.
(2) Availability of funds
In addition to funds made available under paragraph (1), of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use $5,000,000, to remain available until expended.
(3) Additional funding
In addition to any other funds made available under this subsection, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use-
(A) $5,000,000 beginning in fiscal year 2019, to remain available until expended;
(B) $1,000,000 beginning in fiscal year 2024, to remain available until expended; and
(C) $1,000,000 beginning in fiscal year 2026, to remain available until expended.
§3839bb–5. Voluntary public access and habitat incentive program
(a) Establishment
The Secretary shall establish a voluntary public access program under which States and tribal governments may apply for funding to encourage owners and operators of privately-held farm, ranch, and forest land to voluntarily make that land available for access by the public for wildlife-dependent recreation, including hunting or fishing under programs administered by the States and tribal governments.
(b) Applications
In submitting applications for funding under the program, a State or tribal government shall describe-
(1) the benefits that the State or tribal government intends to achieve by encouraging public access to private farm and ranch land for-
(A) hunting and fishing; and
(B) to the maximum extent practicable, other recreational purposes; and
(2) the methods that will be used to achieve those benefits.
(c) Priority
In approving applications and awarding funding under the program, the Secretary shall give priority to States and tribal governments that propose-
(1) to maximize participation by offering a program the terms of which are likely to meet with widespread acceptance among landowners;
(2) to ensure that land enrolled under the State or tribal government program has appropriate wildlife habitat;
(3) to strengthen wildlife habitat improvement efforts on land enrolled in a conservation reserve enhancement program under section 3831a of this title or on land covered by a wetland reserve easement under section 3865c of this title by providing incentives to increase public hunting and other recreational access on that land;
(4) to use additional Federal, State, tribal government, or private resources in carrying out the program; and
(5) to make available to the public the location of land enrolled.
(d) Relationship to other laws
(1) No preemption
Nothing in this section preempts a State or tribal government law, including any State or tribal government liability law.
(2) Effect of inconsistent opening dates for migratory bird hunting
The Secretary shall reduce by 25 percent the amount of funding otherwise determined for a State under the program if the opening dates for migratory bird hunting in the State are not consistent for residents and non-residents.
(e) Regulations
The Secretary shall promulgate such regulations as are necessary to carry out this section.
(f) Funding
(1) Mandatory funding
Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section, to the maximum extent practicable, $50,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2009 through 2012, $40,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2014 through 2018, $50,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2024, and $70,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2031.
(2) Enhanced public access to wetland reserve easements
To the maximum extent practicable, of the funds made available under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall use $3,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023 to encourage public access to land covered by wetland reserve easements under section 3865c of this title through agreements with States and tribal governments under this section.
(3) Authorization of appropriations
There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $10,000,000 for fiscal year 2013.
§1012a. Funding
In addition to any other funds made available by this chapter, of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall make available to carry out this chapter $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2026 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain available until expended.
§8351. Predatory and other wild animals
(a) In general
The Secretary of Agriculture may conduct a program of wildlife services with respect to injurious animal species and take any action the Secretary considers necessary in conducting the program.
(b) Administration
The Secretary shall administer the program in a manner consistent with all of the wildlife services authorities in effect on the day before October 28, 2000.
(c) Action by FWS
The Director of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service shall use the most expeditious procedure practicable to process and administer permits for take of-
(1) a depredating eagle under the Act of June 8, 1940 (commonly known as the “Bald Eagle Protection Act”) (54 Stat. 250, chapter 278; 16 U.S.C. 668 et seq.), or sections 22.11 through 22.32 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations) (including depredation of livestock, wildlife, and species protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) or any other Federal management program); or
(2) a migratory bird included on the list under section 10.13 of title 50, Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations) that is posing a conflict.
Feral Swine Eradication and Control Pilot Program
Pub. L. 115–334, title II, §2408, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4574 , as amended by Pub. L. 118–22, div. B, title I, §102(d)(1)(C), Nov. 17, 2023, 137 Stat. 116 ; Pub. L. 119–21, title I, §10601(f), July 4, 2025, 139 Stat. 108 , provided that:
"(a) In General.-The Secretary [of Agriculture] shall establish a feral swine eradication and control pilot program to respond to the threat feral swine pose to agriculture, native ecosystems, and human and animal health.
"(b) Duties of the Secretary.-In carrying out the pilot program, the Secretary shall-
"(1) study and assess the nature and extent of damage to the pilot areas caused by feral swine;
"(2) develop methods to eradicate or control feral swine in the pilot areas;
"(3) develop methods to restore damage caused by feral swine; and
"(4) provide financial assistance to agricultural producers in pilot areas.
"(c) Assistance.-The Secretary may provide financial assistance to agricultural producers under the pilot program to implement methods to-
"(1) eradicate or control feral swine in the pilot areas; and
"(2) restore damage caused by feral swine.
"(d) Coordination.-The Secretary shall ensure that the Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service coordinate for purposes of this section through State technical committees established under section 1261(a) of the Food Security Act of 1985 (16 U.S.C. 3861(a)).
"(e) Pilot Areas.-The Secretary shall carry out the pilot program in areas of States in which feral swine have been identified as a threat to agriculture, native ecosystems, or human or animal health, as determined by the Secretary.
"(f) Cost Sharing.-
"(1) Federal share.-The Federal share of the costs of activities under the pilot program may not exceed 75 percent of the total costs of such activities.
"(2) In-kind contributions.-The non-Federal share of the costs of activities under the pilot program may be provided in the form of in-kind contributions of materials or services.
"(g) Funding.-
"(1) Mandatory funding.-Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $75,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2019 through 2023, $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2024, and $105,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2025 through 2031.
"(2) Distribution of funds.-Of the funds made available under paragraph (1)-
"(A) 50 percent shall be allocated to the Natural Resources Conservation Service to carry out the pilot program, including the provision of financial assistance to producers for on-farm trapping and technology related to capturing and confining feral swine; and
"(B) 50 percent shall be allocated to the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service to carry out the pilot program, including the use of established, and testing of innovative, population reduction methods.
“(3) Limitation on administrative expenses.-Not more than 10 percent of funds made available under this section may be used for administrative expenses of the pilot program.”
(g) Rescission.—The unobligated balances of amounts…
(g) Rescission.—The unobligated balances of amounts appropriated by section 21001(a) of Public Law 117–169 (136 Stat. 2015) are rescinded.
[7]Funding reduction
[8]Sec. 10601. Conservation - #2 by editor